Russia's Investigative Committee announced on social platforms that Deputy Defense Minister Ivanov was detained on suspicion of taking bribes, but did not disclose details.
Kremlin spokesman Peskov said President Vladimir Putin and Defense Minister Shoigu had been informed of the situation.
The TASS news agency reported that Ivanov may be suspected of accepting bribes of at least 1 million rubles and will face up to 15 years in prison.
Ivanov was appointed Deputy Minister of Defense in May 2016 and is responsible for armed forces property management, troop garrisoning, housing and medical support.